Complex Terrain
Transitional dispersive scenarios driven by mesoscale flows on complex terrain under strong dry convective conditions
... mid-latitude complex terrain is a complex (synergetic) addition of different, continuously evolving, non-stationary (but concatenated) dispersive sce- narios (Palau, ...
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Downscaling surface wind predictions from numerical weather prediction models in complex terrain with WindNinja
... in complex terrain are important for a number of ...local terrain effects, such as wind speed- up over ridges, flow channeling in valleys, flow separation around terrain obstacles, and flows ...
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Linear and nonlinear models in wind resource assessment and wind turbine micro-siting in complex terrain
... complex terrain. Because they require modest computer resources and complex terrain was often avoided for turbine siting, these models became the reference tool among the wind energy ...
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IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TOPOGRAPHIC CORRECTIONS ON PREDICTION ACCURACY OF FOLIAGE PROJECTIVE COVER (FPC) IN A TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX TERRAIN
... Quantitative retrieval of land surface biological parameters (e.g. foliage projective cover [FPC] and Leaf Area Index) is crucial for forest management, ecosystem modelling, and global change monitoring applications. ...
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Scoping a field experiment: error diagnostics of TRMM precipitation radar estimates in complex terrain as a basis for IPHEx2014
... Albeit of low frequency, heavy precipitating events have significant hydrologic impact leading to extreme floods and landslides in the region. Six representative case studies with substantial discrepancies between TRMM ...
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Sensitivity of the WRF model to PBL parametrizations and nesting techniques: evaluation of surface wind over complex terrain
... particularly over areas of complex terrain like the Alps (Whiteman, 2000). This com- plexity precludes its realistic simulation with coarse-resolution models, but also ham- pers the extrapolation of local ...
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Controls on the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture in a mountainous landscape: the signature of snow and complex terrain
... in complex terrain (slope, aspect, soil depth) impose first order controls on the spatial variability of snow and consequent soil moisture, and that the interaction of dynamic (timing of water input) and ...
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Numerical uncertainty at mesoscale in a Lagrangian model in complex terrain
... Figure 1 presents the evaluation of Eq. (1) for each grid cell at 50 m above ground on 16 May at 00z using mass weighted time average winds, instantaneous winds with cartesian geometric vertical velocity (w) and ...
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Restoring mass conservation to shallow ice flow models over complex terrain
... to complex terrain. One such problem arises where steep terrain can spuriously lead to large ice fluxes that remove more mass from a grid cell than it originally contains, leading to mass ...
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Elevation correction of ERA-Interim temperature data in complex terrain
... Abstract. Air temperature controls a large variety of envi- ronmental processes, and is an essential input parameter for land surface models, for example in hydrology, ecology and climatology. However, meteorological ...
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Downscaling ERA-Interim temperature data in complex terrain
... ( ΓS ) extracted from the literature (Method I); (ii) a measured lapse rate ( ΓM ) retrieved from the Zugspitze and the Garmisch stations (Method II); and (iii) ERA-Interim model interna[r] ...
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High resolution modelling of snow transport in complex terrain using simulated wind fields
... scaled MM5 wind fields for a) proofing their performance in comparison with interpo- lated measurements in the direct environment of meteorological stations and b) for demonstrating the advantages of these fields at ...
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Spatial random downscaling of rainfall signals in Andean heterogeneous terrain
... Abstract. Remotely sensed data are often used as prox- ies for indirect precipitation measures over data-scarce and complex-terrain areas such as the Peruvian Andes. Although this information might be ...
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Long's equation in terrain following coordinates
... over terrain is of the form sin(kx+mz) (or similar) (Shutts, 1988; Jumper, 2005; Eckermann, 1999; De- wan, ...demonstrates complex terrain can alter drastically the shape and amplitude of this wave ...
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In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China
... As the three regional stations are located in an area of complex terrain, the observed CO2 mole fractions are likely affected by very local sources for certain wind direc- tions.. At LAN[r] ...
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Wellington da Silva Conceição1
... de terrain, la drogue était vendue sur place discrètement, sans toutefois être organisée avec une structure de commerce de détail telle qu’on la rencontre fréquemment dans les favelas, et qu’on appelle les « bocas ...
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TECHNICAL PAPER QUALITY OF A DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL FOR SANTA CATARINA STATE
... ABSTRACT: Relief characterization using a digital terrain model (DTM) is widely applied in erosion, soil and vegetation modeling. However, factors, such as acquisition technology and the spatial resolution of the ...
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'Idealized' state 4 and state 3 in mitochondria vs. rest and work in skeletal muscle.
... I, complex III, complex IV, ATP synthase, ATP/ADP carri- er, P i carrier) in parallel with ATP usage and NADH supply during rest-to-work transition ...
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APPROACHES OF NATIONAL 3D MAPPING: RESEARCH RESULTS AND STANDARDISATION IN PRACTICE
... The second approach (still) considers the 2D data as prime source of data and extends these data into the third dimension to obtain 3D products and services. This approach is followed by The Netherlands and OSGB. The ...
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An online trajectory module (version 1.0) for the nonhydrostatic numerical weather prediction model COSMO
... to terrain intersecting trajectories: while one would expect a decrease of the number of terrain intersecting trajectories with a decreasing time step, we observed an in- crease in the online trajectory ...
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